入伙時的沖擊

樓 宇 的 供 應 量 可 以 用 兩 種 不 同 的 定 義 去 統 計 。 其 一 是 按 實 際 建 成 的 數 量 去 統 計 , 其 二 是 按 可 推 出 市 場 預 售 的 單 位 去 統 計 。 兩 種 方 法 都 有 其 值 得 參 考 的 意 義 , 但 政 府 部 門 似 乎 較 重 視 實 質 的 落 成 量 。 因 為 , 只 有 當 樓 宇 真 正 可 以 入 伙 時 , 其 作 為 供 應 的 本 質 才 能 發 揮 。 樓 花 開 盤 時 , 雖 可 以 吸 納 了 市 場 一 定 的 購 買 力 , 但 買 了 樓 花 的 人 , 並 未 能 遷 入 居 住 , 不 能 騰 空 原 居 住 單 位 推 出 市 場 , 故 比 較 難 估 計 其 實 質 影 響 。 況 且 , 過 往 買 入 樓 花 的 , 其 中 不 少 是 投 機 者 或 投 資 者 , 他 們 自 己 是 不 會 去 住 的 , 要 等 樓 宇 入 伙 後 , 才 會 再 推 出 市 場 出 租 或 出 售 。 因 此 , 樓 宇 入 伙 時 才 會 對 社 會 產 生 真 正 的 影 響 。 
不 過 , 樓 宇 入 伙 時 對 市 場 產 生 的 影 響 因 時 而 異 。 九 八 年 入 伙 的 單 位 , 大 部 份 是 在 九 七 年 開 盤 的 , 買 家 大 部 份 是 投 資 者 或 投 機 者 。 可 是 九 八 年 樓 價 大 幅 回 落 了 四 五 成 , 令 買 家 大 幅 虧 損 , 因 此 到 樓 宇 入 伙 時 , 大 部 分 買 家 都 沒 法 在 市 場 放 盤 , 無 法 賣 得 出 又 不 願 上 會 的 , 就 放 棄 定 金 一 走 了 之 , 令 發 展 商 要 再 設 法 把 撻 定 的 單 位 推 出 市 場 。 
由 此 可 見 , 樓 花 賣 出 後 不 等 如 已 給 市 場 消 化 , 必 須 待 入 伙 後 真 的 有 人 入 住 了 , 才 可 算 真 的 為 市 場 吸 納 。 因 此 , 要 觀 察 市 場 , 不 能 只 看 樓 花 有 沒 有 人 買 , 還 要 看 現 樓 有 沒 有 人 住 。 
九 九 年 入 伙 的 樓 , 不 少 是 在 九 八 年 才 推 出 的 。 九 八 年 入 市 買 樓 花 的 人 , 大 部 分 是 用 家 , 炒 家 在 九 八 年 志 在 放 盤 , 再 入 貨 的 比 例 很 低 。 因 此 , 九 九 年 入 伙 的 樓 宇 , 對 市 場 的 沖 擊 將 會 非 常 輕 微 , 決 不 會 像 九 八 年 那 樣 , 為 苦 業 主 的 問 題 搞 到 滿 城 風 雨 。 
我 估 計 , 九 九 年 樓 花 入 伙 時 , 連 放 租 的 盤 口 都 會 非 常 稀 有 , 不 會 再 出 現 新 樓 入 伙 期 間 , 連 附 近 的 租 金 也 會 被 拖 低 的 情 況 。 
樓 市 回 落 後 , 樓 花 買 家 的 身 份 背 景 亦 會 慢 慢 轉 變 , 由 投 資 者 變 成 用 家 。 此 種 自 動 調 節 的 機 制 , 會 令 樓 花 入 伙 時 對 市 場 造 成 的 沖 擊 越 來 越 少 , 亦 令 樓 市 可 以 慢 慢 恢 復 動 力 。